Family poaceae on the properties of soil perera, k. Characterization of biosynthetic pathways for the production. Pdf global maize production, utilization, and consumption. It originated from a cross between teosinte and a now extinct closely related grass or is a cross between wild teosinte and a cultivated form of teosinte. Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling. It is also affected by fall armyworm, maize stalk borer, leaf spot, and leaf blight diseases. Agronomy free fulltext estimation of maize zea mays l. It has frequently been shown that plants interact with soils to shape rhizosphere microbiomes. Maize zea mays, called corn in some regions of the world, is a grass of tropical origin.
For many years, the relationships within genus zea were the subject of much. It is designed to senre as a basic reference document for. We aimed to test whether differences in the structure of bulk soil microbial communities, within a given soil type, would carry over. Maize or corn zea mays is a plant belonging to the family of grasses. Zea mays in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Indole3acetic acid iaa plays an important role in plant microbe interactions. Pests and diseases of maize zea mays agricultural science. Impacts of bulk soil microbial community structure on. Maize is also recognized by different synonyms such as zea, corn, silk corn etc. Exact figures on area cultivated for maize in africa are not available because of lack of reliable statistical enumeration and also.
Pests and diseases of maize zea mays pests which are found in the cultivation of sweet corn borer, among others, cob borers, grasshop. It still grows in the wild as an annual in mexico and guatemala. Maize production system book indian institute of maize research. Effect of various herbicides and manual control on yield, yield. Scientist believe that teosinte was one of the parents of a hybrid from which zea mays developed. The basidiomycete ustilago maydis causes smut disease in maize zea mays by infecting all plant aerial tissues.
Inoculation of zea mays grains with strain sar significantly affected seed germination, root elongation, seed vigor index as well as fresh and dry biomasses. Zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is a plant organism of paramount importance as a food crop, biofuel production platform and a model for studying plant genetics. In vitro production of iaa by endophytic fungus aspergillus. The endophytic fungus was isolated from the leaves of drought stressed withenia somnifera and was identified as aspergillus awamori wl1 through its. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide.
Zea, genus of five species of large grasses of the family poaceae, native to mexico and mesoamerica. For the total world production it is estimated that maize is grown on about 118 million hectares of which 19 million hectares are estimated to be cultivated in africa. Maize is further organized in the genus zea, a group of annual and perennial grasses native to mexico and central america. Pdf status and production technology of maize researchgate. Optimization of doubled haploid production in maize zea mays l. About the classification report about the classification download. Bacterial consortium for improved maize zea mays l. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk. It is mainly used as a food source and now has become the most important raw material for animal feed pimentel and patzek, 2005. It comes after wheat and rice in terms of world importance. Commercial dent maize cultivars are single, or doublecross hybrids bred for special areas, soils and climatic conditions. Multistage random sampling technique was employed to select two hundred and twenty maize producing farmers for the study.
Effects of planting date, transplant age at planting and cultivar on growth, development and harvest index volume 128 issue 1 a. Introduction corn, commonly known as maize zea mays l. Maize production, economic analysis, peasant farmers. Transplanted maize zea mays for grain production in southern england. May 31, 2015 pests and diseases of maize zea mays pests which are found in the cultivation of sweet corn borer, among others, cob borers, grasshop. The production of the graphs was assisted by two of the plant genome research outreach programs high school interns, sara shapleigh and david drew. The following graphs were produced using data from faostat agricultural data. Pdf the everincreasing human population is a major concern for food security. Effect of climate change on maize zea mays production and food security in swaziland article pdf available january 2011 with 9,326 reads how we measure reads. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Mays maize jt00147699 document complet disponible sur olis dans son format dorigine complete document available on olis in its original format envjmmono200311 unclassified english or.
The present document is a companion document to dir9408 and is intended to provide background information on the biology of zea mays l. Previous studies have recorded high accumulation of soluble sugars and starch within these tumors. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid. The demand is constantly increasing for food, fuel, and feed, and corn is a common crop grown both in the us and globally that is often used to meet. The field experiment was conducted during kharif 20 at the agronomy farm, college of agriculture, kolhapur on sandy clay loam soil with different row ratio of maizecowpea fodders under sole and intercropping systems for getting higher fodder yield. Standardization of crop yield estimation methods at various levels of farming helps. Economic analysis, maize production, maize farmers. Land suitability evaluation for maize zea mays production in selected sites of the midbenue valley, nigeria received 5 february, 2016 revised 10 march, 2016 accepted 14 march, 2016 published 22 march, 2016 abagyeh s. Rhizobacteria strains were isolated from these samples and biochemically characterized. Archeological and molecular data indicates that modern maize was domesticated from annual balsas teosinte zea mays ssp. Zea mays maize and zea diploperennis, which is a perennial type of teosinte. Mar 21, 2015 it has frequently been shown that plants interact with soils to shape rhizosphere microbiomes.
Integrated nutrient management in maize zea mays l. Maize planting in most third world countries involves placing 23 seeds per hill, with hills being roughly 30 cm apart. By exploiting the variation of herbivoreinduced volatiles among 26 maize zea mays inbred lines, we conducted a nested association mapping and genomewide association study gwas1 to identify a set of quantitative trait loci qtls for investigating the pathways of volatile terpene production. Pdf effect of climate change on maize zea mays production. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. Seeking the best method of fertilizer application on maize zea mays l. This research is an attempt to analyse the economics of maize zea mays l. Most of the maize production in the usa is concentrated in the us corn belt, the larg est area in. More ever in irrigated areas farmers produce the income equal to the cash crops such as sugarcane, onion, cotton, etc. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the. Land suitability evaluation for maize zea mays production. The genus zea includes the wild taxa, known collectively as teosinte zea ssp. Maize accounts for 31% of the world production of cereals occupying almost onefifth of the worldwide land dedicated for cereal production 2. Pdf maize zea mays, also called corn, is believed to have originated in central mexico 7000 years ago from a wild grass, and native americans.
Jul 06, 2011 zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is a plant organism of paramount importance as a food crop, biofuel production platform and a model for studying plant genetics. In nigeria, weeds crop is known and called by different vernacular names depending on locality obi. Maize is not only a major cereal crop in the present day world but it. Pdf on jan 1, 2012, sanjeev kumar and others published status and. In maize production, pgpb can limit the effect of poor soil through siderophore activities and nitrogen fixation. Phenology, growth and biomass yield response of maize. Exact figures on area cultivated for maize in africa are not available because. Sixty samples were collected at the rate of four samples per village and three villages per agroecological zone. An economics training manual, completely revised edition. We aimed to test whether differences in the structure of bulk soil microbial communities, within a given soil type, would carry. Studies have shown that that about 85% of maize farmers in western kenya plant local. Most of the maize grain produced is used as animal feed, but in some. Sugar partitioning between ustilago maydis and its host zea. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid clone between zea and tripsacum for forage production by mcgish xu yan1,2, yingzheng li1.
Transplanted maize zea mays for grain production in. Abstract maize crop zea mays is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout. Maize is zea by many varieties, some literature in literature little as 70 days, others needing up to 9 months to reach maturity. Department of agronomy, faculty of crop production sciences, the university of agriculture, peshawar, pakistan corresponding author. There are two major species of the genus zea out of six total. The crop is being cultivated in the rainforest and derived savannah of nigeria, weeds an annual production of about 5. Optimization of doubled haploid production in maize zea. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. This plant may be known by one or more common names in.
The endophytic fungus was isolated from the leaves of drought stressed withenia somnifera and was identified as aspergillus awamori wl1 through its region of. The experiment was conducted in the summer 2012 and was repeated in 20 on the same. Zea mays originated from teosinte more than 6,000 years ago. However, its production is hampered by the availability of land, soil type, and rainfall.
The infection causes leaf chlorosis and stimulates the plant to produce nutrientrich niches i. Thomas lubberstedt, comajor professor candice gardner, comajor professor. The research entitled effect of herbicides on yield and yield components of maize zea mays hybrids was carried out at the new developmental farm 34. Our study aims to characterize plant growth promoting rhizobacteria pgpr isolated from maize roots in five agroecological zones of central and northern benin. The bestknown species is corn, or maize zea mays mays, which was derived from one of the mexican teosintes likely z. Influence of different methods of fertilizer application on. Current study explored the role of indole3acetic acid iaa as a signalling molecule for chemical dialogue between endophytic fungus and host plant roots. Zea mays corn this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. While in western countries maize production is highly mechanized, in many. Nutritional, medicinal and economical importance of corn.
Maize zea mays l is one of the most versatile emerging crops having wider adaptability under varied agroclimatic conditions. A study on the impacts of corn cultivation zea mays l. The annual teosinte variety called zea mays mexicana is the closest botanical relative to maize. Nov 20, 2018 indole3acetic acid iaa plays an important role in plant microbe interactions. To determine the influence of different methods of fertilizer application on the. Classification for kingdom plantae down to species zea mays l. Pdf bacterial consortium for improved maize zea mays l. The result further revealed that on every naira invested in maize production, respondents were able to make n1. K department of botany, open university of sri lanka, nawala, nugegoda, sri lanka abstract maize or corn zea mays l. General understanding of tropical maize is one of the key approaches required for improvement of tropical maize in ssa.
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